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    Dental Emergency First Aid Guide — For Coaches, Teachers & First-Aiders

    Open 24 hours, 365 days · 50 The Vale, Golders Green, London NW11 8SG 4.9 · 309+ reviews

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    A knocked-out adult tooth can usually be saved — but only if the right thing is done in the first 30 minutes. Most people, understandably, do the wrong thing: they scrub the tooth clean, or drop it in a glass of water. Both destroy the tooth's chance of surviving.

    This guide was written by the dental team at Emergency Dental Experts in Golders Green, North London, who treat dental trauma around the clock. It is free to print, share and keep in a first-aid kit. If you run a sports club, school, nursery, gym or care home, this is the page to pin up next to the first-aid box.

    1. Knocked-out tooth (avulsion) — the 30-minute rule

    This is the only dental injury that is a genuine race against the clock. The root of a tooth is covered in living cells. Keep them alive and the tooth can reattach; let them dry out or scrub them off and it usually cannot.

    1. Hold the tooth by the crown — the white biting part. Never touch or handle the root.
    2. Only rinse if it is dirty, for under 10 seconds, in milk or cold water. No scrubbing, no soap, no disinfectant.
    3. Put it straight back in the socket if you can, the right way round, and have the person bite gently on a clean handkerchief. This gives by far the best outcome.
    4. If you cannot replant it, store it in milk — or inside the patient's own cheek. Never in water.
    5. Get to an emergency dentist within 30 minutes. Phone ahead so the surgery is ready for you.

    Baby teeth are different. Never try to replant a knocked-out baby tooth — it can damage the adult tooth developing above it. Keep the child calm, control the bleeding, and see a dentist the same day.

    2. Broken, chipped or cracked tooth

    Save any fragments you can find and keep them in milk — a dentist can sometimes bond a fragment back on. Rinse the mouth with warm salty water, and use a cold compress on the outside of the cheek to limit swelling.

    If the broken surface is bleeding from the middle of the tooth, the nerve is exposed. That is painful and needs treating the same day to avoid losing the tooth. Cover the sharp edge with sugar-free chewing gum or orthodontic wax as a temporary measure.

    3. Loosened or pushed-out-of-position tooth (luxation)

    Do not wiggle or test the tooth. If it has been pushed out of line, you can very gently reposition it with light finger pressure, but do not force it. Have the person bite on gauze to keep it stable and see a dentist immediately — a luxated tooth usually needs splinting to the neighbouring teeth to heal.

    4. Bleeding lip, tongue, gum or cheek

    Apply firm, continuous pressure with clean gauze for 10 minutes without lifting to check — lifting restarts the clot. A cold compress reduces swelling. If bleeding does not stop after 15 minutes of pressure, or the cut goes through the lip border, this needs urgent medical attention as well as dental review.

    5. Suspected broken jaw or head injury

    Call 999. Signs include the teeth no longer meeting properly, inability to open or close the mouth, numbness of the lip, or loss of consciousness at any point. Support the jaw with a bandage if you can, do not give food or drink, and go to A&E. A dentist can deal with the teeth afterwards.

    6. Dental abscess or facial swelling

    Swelling that is spreading towards the eye or under the jaw, or any difficulty swallowing or breathing, is a medical emergency — call 999. Otherwise a swollen face with severe toothache needs same-day emergency dental treatment. Painkillers will mask it, but the infection continues to spread until the cause is treated.

    Print this: the first-aid kit checklist

    Three things to keep with your first-aid kit for dental injuries:

    • A small sealed carton of long-life milk (for transporting a knocked-out tooth)
    • A clean screw-top container and sterile gauze
    • A card with your nearest 24-hour emergency dentist's number — ours is 020 8455 0465

    Sports clubs: mouthguards prevent the large majority of these injuries. A custom-fitted guard is far more protective than a boil-and-bite one, particularly for rugby, hockey, boxing and martial arts.

    Who wrote this guide

    Emergency Dental Experts is a GDC-registered, CQC-registered emergency dental practice at 50 The Vale, Golders Green, London NW11 8SG, open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. We run a dedicated dental trauma centre and regularly treat sports, cycling and playground injuries out of hours. A qualified dentist answers the phone directly.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Can a knocked-out tooth be put back in?
    Yes. An adult tooth that is replanted within 30 minutes has a good chance of surviving long term. Handle it by the crown only, do not scrub the root, and if you cannot replant it immediately, store it in milk and get to an emergency dentist straight away.
    Should I put a knocked-out tooth in water?
    No. Water destroys the living cells on the root surface within minutes and greatly reduces the chance of the tooth surviving. Use milk, or have the patient hold the tooth inside their cheek.
    What if a child knocks out a baby tooth?
    Never replant a baby tooth — it can damage the developing adult tooth above it. Control the bleeding with gauze, keep the child calm and arrange a same-day dental check to make sure no fragment is left in the socket.
    How long do I have to save a knocked-out tooth?
    The best outcomes are within 30 minutes. Between 30 and 60 minutes the chances fall but replantation is still worth attempting. After an hour out of the mouth and dry, survival is unlikely — but see a dentist regardless, as the socket still needs treating.
    Is a dental emergency a reason to go to A&E?
    A&E is the right place for uncontrolled bleeding, a suspected broken jaw, a head injury, or facial swelling affecting breathing or swallowing. For everything else — knocked-out teeth, broken teeth, abscesses and severe toothache — an emergency dentist can treat the problem itself, which A&E cannot.
    Can our club or school reproduce this guide?
    Yes, free of charge. Print it, laminate it, put it in your first-aid kit or share it with members. If you publish it online or in a newsletter, please credit Emergency Dental Experts with a link so readers can reach a 24-hour dentist.

    Related Emergency Dental Pages

    Free to use — please link back

    Coaches, teachers, first-aiders, club secretaries and event organisers are welcome to print this guide, put it in a first-aid kit, or share it with members. If you publish it on your own website or newsletter, please credit us with a link so people can reach a dentist:

    <a href="https://www.emergencydentistnw11.com/dental-first-aid-guide">Dental Emergency First Aid Guide — Emergency Dental Experts, London</a>

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